Lung cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in one or both lungs. It can interfere with breathing, reduce oxygen supply and spread to other parts of the body if not detected early.

Smoking is the leading risk factor, but lung cancer can also affect people who have never smoked. Exposure to secondhand smoke, environmental toxins and a family history of cancer can increase risk.

Early detection improves outcomes, making awareness of warning signs essential.

We spoke to CU Medicine thoracic surgeon Dr. Robert Meguid to learn more about successful lung cancer treatment and the signs and symptoms patients should look out for.

“It is critically important that we identify lung cancer early, as this is associated with the best chance of curing it,” shares Dr. Meguid.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Lung Cancer

Lung cancer symptoms can be subtle in the early stages and hard to pinpoint.

Common symptoms include:

• Persistent cough that does not go away
• Coughing up blood or rust-colored phlegm
• Shortness of breath or wheezing
• Chest pain or discomfort
• Fatigue or unexplained weight loss
• Recurrent respiratory infections such as bronchitis or pneumonia
• Hoarseness or changes in voice

If you notice these symptoms, seek medical evaluation as soon as possible. Early detection can improve treatment options.

Treatment Options for Lung Cancer

Treatment for lung cancer depends on the type, stage and overall health of the patient. Options often include:

• Surgery to remove cancerous tissue
• Radiation therapy to target tumors
• Chemotherapy to kill cancer cells throughout the body
• Targeted therapies that focus on specific genetic changes in cancer cells
• Immunotherapy to boost the body’s natural defenses against cancer

Treatment may involve a combination of approaches, and ongoing monitoring is important to adjust therapy as needed.

When asked about treatment, Dr. Meguid shares, “Treatment of lung cancer is uniquely tailored to each patient. This is best performed by engaging a multidisciplinary team of specialists in the various aspects of lung cancer patient care. Minimally invasive surgical approaches are equally effective as open surgical approaches, offer a more comfortable and faster recovery and can help patients get back to doing what they want to do sooner, so that they focus on life instead of cancer.”

Lifestyle Considerations When Being Treated for Lung Cancer

Lifestyle choices can support treatment and recovery. Quitting smoking is essential, and avoiding secondhand smoke can reduce further risk. Maintaining a balanced diet, staying physically active as tolerated and keeping up with recommended vaccinations can improve overall health and resilience.

Mental health support is also important, as coping with a cancer diagnosis can be challenging. Counseling or support groups can provide guidance and reassurance.

When to Seek Medical Care for Lung Cancer Symptoms

If you experience persistent cough, shortness of breath, chest pain or unexplained weight loss, seek medical attention promptly. Immediate care is necessary for sudden chest pain, severe shortness of breath or coughing up large amounts of blood.

If you or a loved one have concern for lung cancer, please contact your primary care provider and consider contacting CU Medicine Thoracic Surgery – Highlands Ranch Specialty Care Center by calling (720) 516-1093. 

Learn about oncology and cancer care by visiting this page.