As respiratory illnesses ramp up around Denver, distinguishing between common colds, flu and COVID-19 remains a challenge for many families. Dr. Vivian Sardone,
a board-certified internist who recently joined CU Medicine Women’s Integrated Services in Health (WISH) — Park Meadows,
offers expert guidance on managing these conditions and knowing when to seek medical care.
Understanding the similarities
"Trying to distinguish between a simple cold, the flu or COVID-19 can actually be really difficult," Dr. Sardone explains. "Most of the time, the supportive care is the same for all three conditions." She notes that recent COVID-19 strains present similarly to current flu variants, making differentiation even more challenging without proper testing.
However, Dr. Sardone emphasizes that patients with underlying conditions such as high blood pressure or diabetes should consult their primary care provider when experiencing symptoms. Additionally, individuals who work with children or have frequent public interaction may want to get tested to protect others.
Cold, flu and COVID-19 prevention strategies
Dr. Sardone recommends several key preventative measures:
- Get annual vaccinations for the whole family
- Practice consistent hand hygiene
- Cover coughs and sneezes properly
- Stay home when sick when possible
- Wear a mask in public spaces if experiencing symptoms
Managing symptoms at home
For those experiencing cold, flu or COVID symptoms, Dr. Sardone suggests:
- Stay well-hydrated with water, soups, broths and electrolyte drinks
- Try coconut water for natural hydration
- Soothe sore throats with hot tea and lemon
- Consider over-the-counter medications like Flonase and Zyrtec, especially for those with seasonal allergies
When to seek medical care
While most respiratory illnesses can be managed at home, Dr. Sardone advises seeking immediate medical attention if you experience:
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain
- Very high fevers
- Lightheadedness
- Inability to keep fluids down
Additionally, contact your healthcare provider if:
- Symptoms persist for 14 days without improvement
- You improve but then symptoms return
- You suspect a secondary infection like sinusitis or an ear infection
Boosting immunity naturally
Dr. Sardone shares several evidence-based approaches to strengthen your immune system:
- Maintain a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, particularly those high in vitamin C
- Engage in regular exercise, which has been shown to enhance immune system function
- Prioritize consistent, quality sleep to support body repair and immune response
